منابع مشابه
Two Kinds of Knowledge in Scientific Discovery
Research on computational models of scientific discovery investigates both the induction of descriptive laws and the construction of explanatory models. Although the work in law discovery centers on knowledge-lean approaches to searching a problem space, research on deeper modeling tasks emphasizes the pivotal role of domain knowledge. As an example, our own research on inductive process modeli...
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is not conducive to the discovery of natural kinds of cognitive capacities. The “neurosciences of cognition” include cognitive neuroscience and cognitive neurobiology, two research areas that aim to understand how the brain gives rise to cognition and behavior. Some philosophers of neuroscience have claimed that explanatory progress in these research areas ultimately will result in the discover...
متن کاملThe mind, the lab, and the field: Three kinds of populations in scientific practice.
Scientists use models to understand the natural world, and it is important not to conflate model and nature. As an illustration, we distinguish three different kinds of populations in studies of ecology and evolution: theoretical, laboratory, and natural populations, exemplified by the work of R. A. Fisher, Thomas Park, and David Lack, respectively. Biologists are rightly concerned with all thr...
متن کاملTwo Kinds of Universals and two Kinds of Groups
Philosophers have long debated about two ways of conceiving of universals: as Platonic universals and as Aristotelian universals. Roughly, Aristotelian universals are inherent in the particulars that instantiate them; they can be multiply located (located just where the instances are located), and they exist only if they have at least one instance. Platonic universals, by contrast, are truly ab...
متن کاملKinds of Kinds: Sources of Category Coherence
A fundamental question in the study of concepts is what makes sets of examples cohere as categories. We present results of three studies designed to compare standard taxonomic categories with categories that take their meaning from relationships extending outside of the individual example. An exemplar generation task is used to differentiate relational categories from taxonomic kinds and to com...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science
سال: 2017
ISSN: 0007-0882,1464-3537
DOI: 10.1093/bjps/axv031